PSY FPX 6100 Assessment 4

Learning Theories—”Modern”

Behaviorism

The focus in behaviorism is on the relationship between response and stimulus. Learners are viewed as environmentally conditioned reactive beings. According to this theory, learners are primarily engaged on the surface and lack the capacity for deeper processing.

Cognitivism

Cognitivism shifts the focus towards advanced cognitive activities such as problem-solving, information processing, and critical thinking. It stresses knowing what students know and how they came to know it. Students are regarded as possessing the capability to apply the knowledge to other contexts.

Constructivism

Constructivism concentrates on learners actively constructing meaning from their own experiences. Under this theory, students must have direct experiences in order to internally and truly understand the concepts. Behavior is believed to be governed by each person’s subjective interpretation of what occurs.

Appropriate Instruction

Behaviorism

Teaching under behaviorism is all about methodical presentation and reward of the correct response by practice.

Cognitivism

Instruction to cognitivists seeks to make knowledge relevant and consistent with what students already mentally possess. It employs methods such as mapping and advanced organizers for facilitating learning.

Constructivism

Constructivist instruction presents concepts from multiple perspectives, encourages reflective consciousness, and assigns significant emphasis on the active learners during the act of learning.

PSY FPX 6100 Assessment 4: Fundamental Elements

Guided Instruction

Constructivism

Guided instruction emphasizes learning in real-world settings with activities that are relevant to the learning objectives. It guarantees active involvement and everyday use of abilities, such as practicing interviewing for developing proficiency.

Pros

Guided Instruction

Constructivism

Constructivist guided instruction emphasizes the impact of experience in building learning. Students learn information against their experiences and cultural context, thus being able to understand concepts better.

Cons

Guided Instruction

Constructivism

A limitation of constructivism-guided instruction is the potential difficulty for students to transfer knowledge beyond their understanding. This can discourage broader uses or perspectives.

(Own Thoughts)